Private Thoughts ---- United States Marine Corp ---Vietnam 1968

The recent coverage of America’s second war against Irag within the last decade has again stirred memories of a long ago past. America has sent its young off to war every generation during this century. The 1960’s were no different and it is only now that many of us who grew up in this era can talk or better yet, write about it.

It has been over 35 years ago that as a young adult I went off to war with the best of intentions to serve my country. During the summer of 1967, I enlisted in the United States Marine Corp primarily in part for the rich heritage of the Marines and the need to establish myself as a red blooded American like my friends. As you see, I am Chinese and always wanted to be like everyone else in the predominated Anglo Saxon community we lived in.

Marin County in Northern California was an ideal place for an Asia American to blend in. It almost seemed they were color blind and the free sprit of the 1960’s made it all the easier to fit right in. I was the oldest of four brothers and we almost achieved legendary status in our community for being really “cool." We had street smarts because we grew up in the Western Addition of San Francisco. We were above average in athletics and usually chosen first in any pickup games, regardless of sport. The main thing was that we were unique; Asian Americans that were so Americanized that people sometimes forgot we were different.

I graduated from High School in the summer or 1966 and had every intention of applying myself to college life. We had the draft back in those days and to remain a full time student with a deferment meant a full course load. At the completion of my first semester, I was short ½ unit, which automatically placed me on noticed with my draft board. I was served with a draft notice in the summer of 1967 and made my decision to enlist in the Marines versus being drafted in the Army. In retrospect, it was a decision made from watching too many war movies and the need to further differentiate myself as someone who really wanted to be as all American as anyone else in our community.  The desired results were achieved; people were in awe that I would even consider enlisting in a time of war, yet alone the Marine Corp.

After a warm sendoff, reality hit during my very first hours of Boot Camp in San Diego. I quickly realized that we were at war with people that looked just like me. It also did not help that the legacy of the Marines were built around the Pacific War of World War Two and the Korean War where the enemy were Asians. After a somewhat cuddled life where discrimination was not overtly evidenced, I now found myself at the center of attraction for being Asian or a “gook." In a training regiment of over 750 Marine recruits at the time, I was the only Asian. Most Asians chose to either go into the Air Force, Navy, or better yet, the National Guard to serve their country.

Marine Boot Camp in itself is one of the most physically and mentally challenging experiences any sane person would ever care to endure. During a time when America was at war made the training that much tougher as most of us would be expected to be shipped overseas at the conclusion of training. Being Asian singled me out as a repeated reminder of what the enemy will look like. I was always volunteered by my peers to be the example in any hand-to-hand demonstration or to don black pajamas like a Viet Cong during mock battles. Outside of Californians, recruit from other parts of the country rarely associated with Asians and for some from the deep south, I was their first encounter with someone of my race. These were hard times and I often wondered if I would survive the 13 weeks of Marine boot training.

My resolve was that I was going to see this through. I was blessed with above average athletic skills and I also had completed one year of college which placed me at a higher intellectual level than many of my peers who just barely manage to complete high school.  At that time in my life, I was more prepared to meet the challenge than at any other time in the years to come.

Marine Boot Camp did teach us to operate as a team and as a team; there could be no weak link for it would mean eminent failure. As the weeks passed, less attention was placed on me as a rarity and our platoon developed a true sense of unity. We succeeded as a unit and we learned to watch each other’s back. These were the attributes that would have dire consequences in the near future as we prepared for action overseas. True to form, I was able to assimilate into Marine Corp life over the weeks and made friends with other platoon recruits as graduation drew near.  I later learned that there were several bets within the ranks of the Drill Instructors that the ‘gook” in Platoon 3074 would never make it past the third week of training. Again, I was able to be more “American” than most and cleared another hurdle. But I learned first hand that I was different and there would be greater challenges in the coming months.

Christmas 1967 was very special. I had just concluded advanced infantry training and scheduled for combat training in field artillery at the beginning of the next year. I had also received orders for the WestPac theatre, which meant I would be sent overseas. All of us that knew that WestPac orders meant duty in The Republic of South Vietnam. Timing was everything, and I was home for the holidays on a two-week leave during Christmas. Though the atmosphere had changed since my departure to boot camp in the early Fall, people were still patriotic and welcomed me home with opened arms. But one could feel there was a change on how the war was being perceived. Nonetheless, I was home and still had that feeling of invincibility that all young people seem to posses. All too soon, my leave was over and I was headed back to whatever the Marine Corp had in stored for me. I never realized that this would be the last time I would see the world as I remembered it prior to 1968.

I was able to make it home one last time in February of 1968 just days before I was to be sent overseas. It was a weekend leave that I was able to take advantage of because going home only meant an hour plane flight from Southern California to the San Francisco Bay Area. The political climate had changed substantially since I was last home. President Johnson was escalating the war and the nightly news continually brought the war home. The TET Offensive had just occurred in January and Americans finally realized we were in a real dogfight.

A heavy sense of reality punctuated the weekend. Those that knew I was home came over to say their good-byes in hushed tones like someone had just died. Others wished me well over the phone but I got the feeling that they could not bear to see me. This war had started to take its toll on all of us. Parents with draft-aged sons were petrified and some of those sons elected to take a political stance against the war. One of my brothers was attending San Francisco State University at the time and was against the war. I even sometimes wondered if the war was right but I had my orders and I was trained to see this through.

I left for the airport that Sunday afternoon after saying goodbye to my parents. They were simple folks that had tried to make their way in the United States like everyone else and were now sending a second-generation son off to an uncertain future. Some of the invincibility from my last visit home wore off.  I finally started to realize the important role we all had in the coming months and the responsibility was overwhelming during that flight back to Camp Pendleton.

Contrary to what I thought would happen, our staging battalion arrived in Đà Nẵng in February of 1968 and quickly dispersed into other units in accordance to Military Occupation Specialty (MOS), by the time I was finally processed, there only two us left that were scheduled for transfer into an Artillery unit about 15 miles Northeast of Đà Nẵng. Rather than arriving as a complete unit, we arrived as replacements. This meant earning the trust all over again of fellow Marines. In my case, being Asian brought on a whole new meaning for being truly different. Most of these guys had been in country for several months and had a rooted disdain for anyone Asian. Can’t really blame them for the horrors they must have endured fighting against people that look exactly like me. Again, I had my challenges except this time, the stakes were much higher. The first few weeks were a blur that extended into months. All of a sudden, I was no longer a new guy and an oddity. Just as before, my uncanny way of assimilating into situations made me just another Marine. 1968 was a pivotal year for the armed forces in Vietnam. The war was escalating, the country was divided back home on whether we should be there at all, and the casualty rate was mounting at an alarming rate.

That innocent and romantic glow of going off to war had become a distant memory. There was no more sense of invincibility and as a young man of 20; I had already witness things that most people would never see in three lifetimes, by the sixth month in country, I became one of the better artillery gunners on the gun line. We had become a killing machine but it was not up close and personal. We were hitting targets that were miles away with forward observers confirming kills once the fire mission was over. This would happen on a daily basis with most days having several fire missions. I always prided myself at being good at whatever I ventured into. It is now after many years later that I wonder how many young men would never go home again because I was good at my task. As the months dragged on I became close friends with a country boy from Tennessee and another from South Dakota. These guys never even saw an Asian prior to the Marine Corp. Unfortunately; the Marine from South Dakota got his first taste of drugs and got hooked. We spent the rest of our tour of duty just trying to keep him alive and safe when he would get into one of his drug induced stupors.

One day we had a chance to go into the Air Force Base in Đà Nẵng for a meal after being out in the field for two weeks. The Air Force had a base mess hall better than any we had in the United States. They had a comfortable and sheltered life, even in a war zone. We were unshaven, dirty, and exhausted and all we wanted was a meal and some rest before going back out again. I was in a truck with several other Marines when an Air Force MP stopped us at the gate. He had on pressed utilities, a spanking clean white MP helmet and you could not help but notice the high gloss of his boots. He asked us to check our weapons at the gate because they were not allowed on base. He also looked at me and said I would not be permitted on base because non-documented Vietnamese could not enter for security purposes. I was just about to protest when one of my fellow Marines grabbed the MP by his shirt and said I was a United States Marine and if he insulted any Marine again, he was going to shoot him on the spot. It is now after many years that I can look back at this and surmise there is a lesson to be learned. But in a time when we had other matters to worry about, it was just a routine incident that was quickly forgotten. Along the same line, most Vietnamese men are barely 5 feet tall and were very slight of built. I stood 5’ 8” and weight in at a husky 155lbs.  The South Vietnamese knew I was not one of them and most thought I belonged to the Republic of Korea Marines (ROK). The ROK’s tried to pattern themselves after the United States Marine Corp. They were physically imposing by Asian standards and in all honesty, they were real hard asses and we all agreed they were a lot tougher that the average US Marine. To say the least, the Vietnamese were petrified of the ROK’s and that came across in their deference towards me. Again, I was this oddity that no one could quite pigeonhole.

Christmas 1968 came and it also marked a time when I would have less than three months to go before returning stateside. I will always remember this Christmas as it was the first time many of us were away from home. Spending the holiday season in hostile conditions brought on new meaning to being homesick. But then again, surrounded by people you could truly trust your life to is an experience that many non-combatants will never experience. There is an unspoken sense of brotherhood that only a very small percentage of us will ever come to know. These fellow Americans only averaged 20 years of age yet had the wisdom that only comes with facing life’s uncertainties on a continual basis.

Comments to Don Poss
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